SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Kumar,V.; Maheshwari,R.; Verma,H. K..

Snakebites, being the major occupational hazard for farm workers, claim a large number of lives in the Indian subcontinent. During the course of medical management, identification of the biting species is given a low priority, resorting to prescription of polyvalent anti-snake venom. Whereas the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends monospecific anti-snake venom instead of polyvalent anti-snake venom. Thus, it is essential to identify the aggressor species either by a visual inspection or by the symptoms of the victim. Along with the four deadly venomous species (cobra, krait, Russell's viper, and saw-scaled viper), there are a number of other species of medical importance, whose venoms and bites have not been paid much attention. Thus, a...

Vision loss following snakebite in a patient with controlled aplastic anemia

Palavras-chave: Aglyphs; Envenomation; Opistoglyphs; Proteroglyphs; Snakebite; Species-specific toxicity.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992006000100002

Kweon,EY; Lee,DW; Ahn,M; Nork,TM; Cho,NC.

Viper venoms act mainly on blood and blood vessels. Reports of ophthalmic manifestations after snakebite include ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. In the current study, we describe a case that developed bilateral retinal and subretinal hemorrhage following snakebite. Bilateral retinal hemorrhage is a rare ocular complication of snake envenomation and has not been reported with fundus photographs in the literature so far.

Snakebite in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso: illustration of realities and challenges for care based on a clinical case

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Retinal hemorrhage; Visual loss; Aplastic anemia.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000100015

Kyelem,CG; Yaméogo,TM; Ouédraogo,SM; Zoungrana,J; Poda,GEA; Rouamba,MM; Ouangré,A; Kissou,SA; Rouamba,A.

We report herein the case of 19-year-old female farmer who suffered a double snakebite on the right foot. After an unsuccessful traditional treatment, she consulted a health center, 48 hours after the bite. Upon arrival at the hospital, she showed signs of severe damage, including hemorrhagic syndrome, extensive gangrene of the bitten limb and severe acute renal failure. Due to financial constraints, neither antivenom nor the scheduled amputation was performed. After 35 days of hospitalization, she returned home, against the advice of medical personnel. Our case summarizes the daily challenges of patients and practitioners that suffer snakebite envenomation in Bobo-Dioulasso, western Burkina Faso.

Epidemiology of snakebites in Kédougou region (eastern Senegal): comparison of various methods for assessment of incidence and mortality

Palavras-chave: Envenomation; Snakebite; Management; Burkina Faso; Sub-Saharan Africa.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000400021

Lam,Absa; Camara,Bouna; Kane,Oumar; Diouf,Amadou; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.

Abstract Background Although considered a public health issue in Senegal, the actual incidence and mortality from snakebite are not known. In the present study, an epidemiological survey was carried out in Kédougou region, southeastern Senegal, where envenomations, particularly by Echisocellatus, are frequent and severe. Methods Three sources of data were used: records from health centers and reports by health professionals; traditional healers; and household surveys. Results The annual incidence and mortality provided by health centers were 24.4 envenomations and 0.24 deaths per 100,000 population, respectively. The annual incidence recorded by traditional healers was 250 bites per 100,000 inhabitants, but the number of deaths was unknown. Finally,...

Preparation and neutralization efficacy of IgY antibodies raised against Deinagkistrodon acutus venom

Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Snakebite; Envenomation; Senegal; Incidence.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100307

Liu,Jinhua; He,Qiyi; Wang,Wenwen; Zhou,Bin; Li,Bo; Zhang,Yingfeng; Luo,Cong; Chen,Diancheng; Tang,Jia; Yu,Xiaodong.

Abstract Background The five-paced pit viper (Deinagkistrodon acutus), endemic to China and northern Vietnam, is responsible for most snakebites in the Chinese territory. Antivenom produced from horses is the main treatment for snakebites, but it may cause numerous clinical side effects and have other disadvantages involved in their production such as the welfare of animals. The present study was conducted aiming to develop an alternative antibody (IgY) from the egg yolk of leghorn chickens immunized with snake venom. Methods IgY from the egg yolk of white leghorn chickens previously immunized intramuscularly with D. acutus venom was extracted by water, precipitated by ammonium sulfate and purified by affinity chromatographic system. IgY was identified...

Uveitis following anti-snake venom therapy

Palavras-chave: IgY antibody; Egg yolk; Snake venom; Snakebite; Deinagkistrodon acutus; Venom neutralization.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992017000100310

Nayak,S. G.; Satish,R.; Nityanandam,S.; Thomas,R. K..

Snakebite is a common medical emergency in the tropics, causing multisystemic involvement. Ophthalmic manifestations after snakebite have included ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. Uveitis as an immunological complication following therapy with anti-snake venom (ASV) serum has been rarely reported in literature. We reported two patients who developed uveitis and acute renal failure following snakebite treatment with ASV serum. Both patients recovered uneventfully with appropriate therapy.

Neutralization of the neuromuscular activity of bothropstoxin-i, a myotoxin from Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, by a hydroalcoholic extract of Casearia sylvestris Sw. (guaçatonga)

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Uveitis; Anti-snake venom; Ptosis; Ophthalmoplegia.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992007000100010

Oshima-Franco,Y.; Alves,C. M. V.; Andréo Filho,N.; Gerenutti,M.; Cintra,A. C. O.; Leite,G. B.; Rodrigues-Simioni,L.; Silva,M. G..

Numerous plants are used as snakebite antidotes in Brazilian folk medicine, including Casearia sylvestris Swartz, popularly known as guaçatonga. In this study, we examined the action of a hydroalcoholic extract from C. sylvestris on the neuromuscular blockade caused by bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I), a myotoxin from Bothrops jararacussu venom, in mouse isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm (PND) preparations. Aqueous (8 and 12 mg/ml, n=4 and 5, respectively) and hydroalcoholic (12 mg/ml, n=12) extracts of the leaves of C. sylvestris caused facilitation in PND preparations followed by partial neuromuscular blockade. BthTX-I (20 µg/ml, n=4) caused 50% paralysis after 65±15 min (mean ± S.E.M). Preincubation (30 min at 37° C) of BthTX-I (20 µg/ml, n=4) with a...

Fatal neurotoxic envenomation following the bite of a greater black krait (Bungarus niger) in Nepal: a case report

Palavras-chave: Alternative medicine; Phytotherapy; Plant extracts; Snakebite.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400007

Pandey,Deb Prasad; Sharma,Sanjib Kumar; Alirol,Emilie; Chappuis,François; Kuch,Ulrich.

Abstract Background Neurotoxic envenomation following bites by kraits (Bungarus species) is a leading cause of snakebite mortality in South Asia. Over a long time, this had been attributed only to one species, the common krait (Bungarus caeruleus). However, recent research has provided increasing evidence of the involvement of several krait species. Here, we report a fatal case of neurotoxic envenomation following the bite of a greater black krait (Bungarus niger) in Nepal. Case presentation A 33-year-old man was bitten in the outdoor corridor of his home in the eastern hills of Ilam district while handling a snake he thought to be non-venomous. He subsequently developed severe abdominal pain, frequent vomiting, and signs of neurotoxic envenomation...

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of injuries caused by venomous snakes observed at the hospital for tropical diseases of Araguaína, Tocantins State, Brazil, from 1995 to 2000

Palavras-chave: Bungarus niger; Neurotoxicity; Krait; Envenomation; Antivenom; Snakebite.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100503

Paula Neto,J. B.; Ribeiro,R. S. P.; Luz,J. A.; Galvão,M.; Carvalho,S. M. D.; Haddad Junior,V..

Injuries caused by venomous snakes are considered a problem of public health in Brazil, and further studies for a better knowledge are very important. The aim of this work is to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics that were observed from 1995 to 2000 in the Hospital for Tropical Diseases of Araguaína, Tocantins State, Brazil, which is a unit of health that takes care of patients suffering from tropical diseases. We studied 440 individuals and the most common characteristics observed were masculine sex, age among 15-45 years, bite in low members, and injuries caused by snakes of the Bothrops genus. The signs and symptoms more frequently observed were edema, pain, erythema, and bleeding. The most observed systemic manifestation was...

Reversible atrial fibrillation following Crotalinae envenomation

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Tocantins State; Brazil; Epidemiology.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400004

Quan,Dan; Zurcher,Kenneth.

Abstract Background Cardiotoxicity is a documented complication of Crotalinae envenomation. Reported cardiac complications following snake envenomation have included acute myocardial infarction, electrocardiogram abnormalities and arrhythmias. Few reports exist describing arrhythmia induced by viper envenomation and to our knowledge none describe arrhythmia induced by Crotalinae envenomation. This report concerns the first known case of atrial fibrillation precipitated by rattlesnake bite. Case presentation A 73-year-old Caucasian man with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and a baseline first-degree atrioventricular block presented to the emergency department following a rattlesnake bite to his left lower...

Abscess secondary to facial snakebite

Palavras-chave: Crotalidae; Rattlesnake; Bite; Envenomation; Snakebite; Atrial fibrillation.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992017000100503

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins

QUIROGA,M.; AVILA-AGÜERO,M. L.; FAINGEZICHT,I..

In Costa Rica, approximately 700 snakebite cases occur each year, 5 to 10 of which result in death. At the Hospital Nacional de Niños (HNN), 6 to 10 cases are reported annually, more than half of these cases and nearly all deaths are result from Bothrops asper snakebite. This venomous snake, popularly known as the "terciopelo", most often attacks the lower or upper limbs and characteristically produces local tissue damage, which can be severe. The following is a report of the first case of a non-fatal and unusual facial bite caused by Bothrops asper in our country.

Viper bites complicate chronic agrochemical nephropathy in rural Sri Lanka

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Abscess; Bothrops asper.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79302000000200009

Silva,Anjana; Samarasinghe,Rivikelum; Pilapitiya,Senaka; Dahanayake,Niroshana; Siribaddana,Sisira.

Snakebite is a common occupational health hazard among Sri Lankan agricultural workers, particularly in the North Central Province. Viperine snakes, mainly Russell’s viper envenomation, frequently lead to acute renal failure. During the last two decades, an agrochemical nephropathy, a chronic tubulointerstitial disease has rapidly spread over this area leading to high morbidity and mortality. Most of the epidemiological characteristics of these two conditions overlap, increasing the chances of co-occurrence. Herein, we describe four representative cases of viperine snakebites leading to variable clinical presentations, in patients with chronic agrochemical nephropathy, including two patients presented with acute and delayed anuria. These cases suggest the...

Clinical and laboratory features distinguishing between Deinagkistrodon acutus and Daboia siamensis envenomation

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Chronic kidney disease; Agricultural nephropathy; Epidemiology; Anuria.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200505

Su,Hung-Yuan; Huang,Shih-Wei; Mao,Yan-Chiao; Liu,Ming-Wen; Lee,Kuo-Hsin; Lai,Pei-Fang; Tsai,Ming-Jen.

Abstract Background: There are 6 species of venomous snakes in Taiwan. Two of them, Deinagkistrodon acutus (D. acutus) and Daboia siamensis (D. siamensis), can cause significant coagulopathy. However, a significant proportion of patients with snakebites cannot identify the correct snake species after envenomation, which hampers the application of antivenom. Hence, the differential diagnosis between the two snakebites by clinical presentations is important. This study aims to compare their clinical and laboratory features for the purpose of differential diagnosis between the two snakebites. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who arrived at the emergency department due to D. acutus or D. siamensis envenomation, between...

VIPER ENVENOMING: EVALUATION OF TREATMENT BY RESTORATION OF HAEMOSTASIS AND VENOM CLEARANCE

Palavras-chave: Coagulopathy; Deinagkistrodon acutus; Daboia siamensis; Snakebite; Thrombocytopenia.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992018000100333

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins

THEAKSTON,R. D. G.; KAMIGUTI,A. S..

Treatment of systemic envenoming in snakebite victims has, in the past, depended almost entirely on the individual clinician's experience in assessing the severity of envenoming. The efficacy of treatment is obviously related to the neutralising potency of the antivenom used, the route by which it is administered and the dose. The use of techniques for evaluating the efficacy of antivenoms has proved to be very useful, as an adjunct to recognised clinical observations, for a more objective evaluation of antivenom efficacy and dosage. In patients bitten by many vipers, including the Brazilian pit vipers, the reversal of the venom-induced coagulopathy provides an ideal indicator as to the efficacy of an antivenom. Likewise, the development of enzyme...

Unusual visual loss after snakebite

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Therapy; Haemostasis; Enzyme immunoassay.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79301998000200002

Tungpakorn,N.

Snakebites are endemic in some parts of Thailand, being associated with several complications. Ocular disturbances are uncommon, except in cases of corneal or conjunctival injury, when the eye is directly exposed to the snake venom. The present study presents a case of combined ophthalmic artery occlusion and transient central retinal artery occlusion with macular ischemia after a Russell's viper bite.

Presumptive thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following a hump-nosed viper (Hypnale hypnale) bite: a case report

Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Central retinal artery occlusion; Macular ischemia; Vipera russelli siamensis.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992010000300020

Withana,Milinda; Rodrigo,Chaturaka; Gnanathasan,Ariaranee; Gooneratne,Lallindra.

Hump-nosed viper bites are frequent in southern India and Sri Lanka. However, the published literature on this snakebite is limited and its venom composition is not well characterized. In this case, we report a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-like syndrome following envenoming which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature before. A 55-year-old woman from southern Sri Lanka presented to the local hospital 12 hours after a hump-nosed viper (Hypnale hypnale) bite. Five days later, she developed a syndrome that was characteristic of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with fever, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolysis, renal impairment and neurological dysfunction in the form of confusion and coma. Her...

Ethnomedicinal plants used for snakebite treatments in Ethiopia: a comprehensive overview

Palavras-chave: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura; Hump-nosed viper; Thrombotic microangiopathy; Snakebite; Hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200504

Yirgu,Abraham; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.

Abstract Traditional medicine plays an important role in the daily lives of people living in rural parts of Ethiopia. Despite the fact that Ethiopia has a long history of using traditional medicinal plants as an alternative medicine source, there is no checklist compiling these plants used for snakebite treatment. This review collected and compiled available knowledge on and practical usage of such plants in the country. A literature review on medicinal plants used to treat snakebites was conducted from 67 journal articles, PhD dissertation and MSc theses available online. Data that summarize scientific and folk names, administration methods, plant portion used for treatment and method of preparation of recipes were organized and analyzed based on citation...